In my opinion neuroscience best aid DNN design if the designers are having stability and generalizability in mind, instead of accuracy and speed. brains are evolved to be a fault-tolerant, failure-proof, multi-tasking system, where most functions can be achieved via multiple mechanisms, and there are “backup engines” to prevent system crash. Nervous system is also a analog wetware where the algorithms has to be implement with different logic from computer algorithms. Besides, there are also infinite amount of chemical-biology signaling and modulating pathways that run in tandem with all other organ systems to support basic metabolism and immune response. Radically speaking, you can survive without halve a brain, but not without half your heart. Reasonably, the existence of brain in not to master a single functions such as image segmentation, but make it just good enough to get the final reward ‘to survive’.
